Legumes, Lentils, and Beans - What's the Difference?

Most people feel that they know a bean when theyhave subsisted happily on some combination of
see one. They're those little round things thatlegumes, grains, and a little bit of meat.
sometimes grow in pods, right? You've got kidneyPulses include many of the legumes that you're
beans, black beans, green beans, soy beans, and soprobably familiar with, officially divided into 11 categories
on, and then there are things like coffee beans andby the Food and Agricultural Organization. If you live in
cocoa beans. But when we start perusing food booksthe U.S., though, you're probably mainly familiar with just
and recipes, we encounter all sorts of terms thata few of these categories. Dry beans include kidney
make this whole bean thing seem a little bit morebeans, pinto beans, navy beans, lima beans, and most
complicated. For instance, how do beans relate toof the other familiar types that you typically find in cans
legumes? And what are lentils? Are they closelyor in dry form. Chickpeas are a category on their own,
related to stuff like corn, nuts, and grains, or are they inas are black-eyed peas and lentils.
a completely different category? When you get downIn short, lentils and beans are pulses, and pulses are a
to it, there's more to beans than it seems.type of legume. There's the essential information. The
First things first: The term "legume" is a broad categorymain thing that all types of legumes have in common is
that refers to lots of stuff, including beans, peas, lentils,their high protein content. Pulses in particular are
peanuts (that's right, peanuts are not nuts), alfalfa, andone-fourth protein by weight, which is almost twice as
clover. Technically speaking, all of these things aremuch as the protein content for even the best types
fruits of flowering plants in the Fabaceae family. Withinof grains, and it's three times as high as rice. Of course,
the legume category, there are oilseeds that arethe protein in legumes is different from the proteins
primarily used for extraction (soy and peanuts),offered by other types of crops, which is why we
vegetable crops such as green beans, green peas,often combine them to create a more complete
clovers, and alfalfas, and pulses.protein picture.
One of the interesting things about legumes is thatSo, in the end, legumes, beans, etc. are still pretty
they have been a staple crop throughout the world forcomplicated, but hopefully this clears up the picture a
as long as there has been human civilization. They'relittle bit. When you see a recipe that calls for lentils, it
abundant everywhere from Asia, to Europe, to themeans those little things that are in a lot of types of
Americas, and their varying forms are all similar in theethnic foods. If it calls for beans, that means something
type of nutrition that they can provide. In this sense,different, and hopefully it will be a little more specific. Of
they're a lot like grains, which are just as common.course, if it calls for legumes, that's sort of weird. I'd just
Throughout human history, people all over the worlduse a different recipe.